It has a 290 km swath width and a rapid revisit time 5 days at the equator. In essence, sentinel2 combines a large swath, frequent revisit, and systematic acquisition of all land surfaces at highspatial resolution and with a large number of spectral bands, all of which makes a unique mission to serve copernicus. Landsat 8 and sentinel2 satellites have spectral and spatial similarities that make using their data together possible. Esa carried out the sentinel 2 definition phase over 20052006. Now to the main subject, the first year of sentinel2. By incorporating other environmental information such as elevation, this proposed method has the potential to consistently map prelandslide slope movements over a large region. Also, i am not able to extract the dates as i need first and last date of the collection. The first of them, sentinel 2a, was launched on 23 june 2015, whereas sentinel 2b was launch on 7 march 2017. This allows for what would be a 10day revisit cycle to be completed in 5 days. Apr 17, 2019 in addition, monotonous decreaseincrease of ndvi was also observed, indicating continuous expansion of landslide scarps and movement of landslide head along the slope on the landslide surface.
Sentinel2 and sentinel3 mission overview and status. Spacecraft launch mission status sensor complement ground segment references. Sentinel2 carries a superspectral instrument with a sunsynchronous 786 km orbit that allows covering all the land surfaces and coastal waters between. Cw and wavelength are calculated differently for landsat 8 and sentinel2 see below for description. There are three categories of timeliness defined for sentinel 2 operation. This local time was selected as a compromise between minimizing cloud cover and ensuring suitable sun illumination. Sentinel 2a is the second satellite for europes copernicus programme, following the sentinel 1a radar satellite launched last year. Nominal, corresponding to the online availability of product between 3 and 24 hours after sensing near real time nrt, corresponding to the online availability of product between 100 minutes and 3 hours after data sensing.
The copernicus sentinel2 mission comprises a constellation of two polarorbiting satellites placed in the same sunsynchronous orbit, phased at 180 to each other. Sentinel 2, launched as part of the european commissions copernicus program on june 23, 2015, was designed specifically to deliver a wealth of data and imagery. Two satellites are operating on the same orbit with a descending node at 10. As well as providing detailed information about earths vegetation, sentinel2 is designed to play a key role in mapping differences in land cover to understand the landscape, map how it is used and monitor changes over time. Sentinel 2 satellite data proved to be a reliable source of information regarding the monitoring of earth features and phenomenas. With its spectral bands, 290 km swath width and high revisit frequency, sentinel 2 s msi instrument supports a wide range of land studies and programmes, and reduces the time required to build a european cloudfree image archive. Based on the spatial and spectral characteristics proposed for sentinel 2 and its similarity to landsat etm, spot and to a lesser extent aster, there seems to be great potential of developing products that can be used for the geology community. The two inorbit sentinel3 satellites enable a short revisit time of less than two days for olci and less than one day for slstr at the equator. With two satellites all regular areas indicated above will be revisited. When the data are used together observations can be more timely and accurate.
Copernicus sentinel2 data to estimate soil organic carbon in. The sentinel2 mission in particular acquires multispectral images at medium resolution with a revisit time of 510 days worldwide gascon et al. Its the second of a constellation of optical satellites which are part of the european commissions. The sentinel 3 has less than 2 days revisit time and provides imagery in 300 m spatial resolution. Designed as a twosatellite mission, sentinel 2 will provide optical imagery on a fiveday revisit cycle once its twin, sentinel 2b, is launched in 2016. Sentinel 2 is a european wideswath, highresolution, multispectral imaging mission. Latest harmonized landsat sentinel2 hls version released. Sentinel 2 is a multispectral operational imaging mission within the gmes global monitoring for environment and security program, jointly implemented by the ec european commission and esa european space agency for global land. The copernicus sentinel2 mission comprises a constellation of two. Copernicus sentinel2 data to estimate soil organic carbon. Sentinel 2 is a wideswath, highresolution, multispectral imaging mission supporting copernicus land monitoring studies, including the monitoring of vegetation, soil and water cover, as well as observation of inland waterways and coastal areas. Sentinel2 revisit time capability 5 days revisit for crop dynamics. The final constellation will provide a revisit time of five days at the equator and proportionately more frequent in higher latitudes.
To provide operational services over a long period at least 15 years following the launch of the first satellites, it is foreseen to develop a series of four satellites, with nominally two satellites in operation in orbit and a third one stored on ground as backup. The sentinel2 mission will provide systematic coverage over the following areas. The sentinel 2 satellite carries a wide swath, highresolution multispectral imager with spectral bands. The revisit period for each sentinel 2 satellite is ten days and the sentinel 2a and 2b twosatellite revisit period is five days.
The sentinel2look viewer is a prototype tool that was developed to allow rapid online viewing and access to the usgs sentinel 2 image archives. A comparison of sentinel 2 and aster bands with concurrent satellite sensors is shown in fig. Sentinel2 is an earth observation mission from the copernicus programme that systematically. Sentinel 2a on 23 june 2015, sentinel 2b on 7 march 2017 orbit.
Sentinel2 missions resolution and swath sentinel handbook. The sentinel3 has less than 2 days revisit time and provides imagery in 300 m spatial resolution. Using sentinel2 time series to detect slope movement. It aims at monitoring variability in land surface conditions, and its wide swath width 290 km and high revisit time 10 days at the equator with one satellite, and 5 days with 2. The resolution 10 meters for rgb and nir bands is not as good as for. The combination of high resolution, novel spectral capabilities, a swath width of 290 km and frequent revisit times will provide unprecedented views of earth. A global analysis of sentinel2a, sentinel2b and landsat8. When complete, after the launch of the second satellite, the sentinel 2 mission will result nearly complete coverage of the earth with a minimum revisit time of 5 days at the equator. The sentinel2 satellite carries a wide swath, highresolution multispectral imager with spectral bands. Sentinel 2, with its final two units in operation, will reach a revisit time of 5 days at the equator and 2 3 days at midlatitudes. However, the high revisit time of sentinel2 provided increased likelihood of obtaining cloudfree scenes delivering time sensitive data. After filtering to keep only those scenes in the 2017 growing season that had a cloud cover of. Esa carried out the sentinel2 definition phase over 20052006. Pdf band selection in sentinel2 satellite for agriculture.
The sentinel 2 constellation has currently one satellite in orbit, the second one is scheduled to start next year. The first of the sentinel 2 satellites was launched on 23 june 2015, images becoming available for download about half a year later. We used a sentinel2 image data set from central europe as a. Swath width the swath width of sentinel2 is 290 km. Crop water content of winter wheat revealed with sentinel.
The main payload of the sentinel 2 satellites is a msi instrument with bands and a spectral range between 0. User guides sentinel2 msi definitions sentinel online. As a constellation, the same spot over the equator is revisited every five days, and this is even faster at higher latitudes. The revisit time with only one operational satellite as it will be the case at the beginning of the deployment of the system is 10 days. Following the introduction of the compact naming convention on the 6th of december 2016 see the sentinel 2 user guide product naming convention page for details, a tci true colour image in jpeg2000 format is included within the tile folder of level1c products in this format 1. User guides sentinel2 msi overview sentinel online. Interactively explore the sentinel 2 archive at up to full resolution directly from a common web browser. Sep 8, 2017 the harmonized landsat sentinel2 hls project has released a new and improved version of its data sets.
Apr 10, 2020 the two operational sentinel2 satellites will be spaced by a 180degree phasing to cut the revisit time of a single satellite in half. Landsat 8 and sentinel 2 satellites have spectral and spatial similarities that make using their data together possible. These features will enable it to contribute effectively to gmes needs for operational land and emergency services. Planning uav flights with sentinel2 data sentinel hub blog. The full mission specification of the twin satellites flying in the same orbit but phased at 180, is designed to give a high revisit frequency of 5 days at the equator. Planning uav flights with sentinel2 data sentinel hub. The sentinel2 preparatory symposium in april 2012 has shown how sentinel2, with the 5day temporal revisit, will bring a significant breakthrough in the exploitation of spaceborne optical data, by transferring land cover, agriculture and forestry eo applications from imagebased to pixelbased processing. This work demonstrated the capability of sentinel2 time series images to capture slope movement with short revisit time at low cost. The sentinel 2 multispectral instrument msi samples spectral bands. The sentinel 2 mission will offer an unprecedented combination of systematic global coverage of land surfaces, a high revisit of five days at the equator under the same viewing conditions, high spatial resolution i.
High revisit time 5 days at equator assured by twin satellite observations performed over a very large swath geographical coverage. The sentinel 2 data contain uint16 spectral bands representing toa reflectance scaled by 0. The sentinel 2 constellation has a 5day revisit rate. Here, the capability of the sentinel 2 constellation to cover coastal areas and measure coastal processes physical and biological. Using sentinel2 time series to detect slope movement before. The missions revisit time of just five days, when both satellites are operational, and only 10 days with sentinel2a alone, along with the missions range of spectral bands mean that changes in plant health and growth can be more easily monitored. We needed to acquire suitable cloudfree scenes without sunglint and other noiseinducing environmental variables, but this work was not straightforward. The sentinel2 satellites have spectral bands similar to landsat 8s excluding the thermal bands of landsat 8s thermal infrared sensor. The tci is an rgb image built from the b02 blue, b03 green. Simple methodology for water data extraction using qgis. The harmonized landsat and sentinel 2 hls project is a nasa initiative aiming to produce a virtual constellation vc of surface reflectance sr data acquired by the operational land imager oli and multispectral instrument msi aboard landsat 8 and sentinel 2 remote sensing satellites, respectively. Phd researcher at ilvo flanders research institute for agriculture, fisheries and food, fabio castaldi, says, the availability and the short revisit time of the copernicus sentinel 2 images entail a huge amount of satellite data that can increase the possibility to have more reliable images during the years. Cw and wavelength are calculated differently for landsat 8 and sentinel 2. The satellite is equipped with an optoelectronic multispectral sensor for surveying with a sentinel 2 resolution of 10 to 60 m in the visible, near infrared vnir, and shortwave.
Sentinel2 is a constellation of two satellites orbiting 180 apart, so the same spot over the equator is revisited every five days and this is even faster at higher latitudes. The satellites are phased 180 degrees from each other on the same orbit. Temporal resolution is the amount of time, expressed in days, that elapses before a satellite revisits a particular point on the earths surface. Apr 19, 2020 sentinel 2a and 2b are roughly analogous to the u. The two satellites will fly at a height of 786 km and 180 degrees apart. With two satellites all regular areas indicated above will be revisited every five days under the same viewing conditions.
Sentinel 2 will provide data for land services data from sentinel 2 will benefit services associated with, for example, land management by european and national institutes, the agricultural industry and. The acquired data, mission coverage and high revisit frequency provides for the generation of geoinformation at local, regional, national and international scales. An improved tradeoff between resolution, coverage and revisit time, makes sentinel2 multispectral imagery an interesting data source for mapping the composition and spatialtemporal dynamics of. Sentinel 2bs orbit is positioned 180 degrees away from sentinel 2a, and the satellites together will see every point on the planet at least once. Each sentinel1 satellite will be in a nearpolar, sunsynchronous orbit, with a 12day repeat cycle and 175 orbits per cycle. Sentinel2 satellites provide nearreal time evaluation of. While promising, sentinel2 is not launched yet and therefore is not a clear solution as a landsat alternative.
The increased swath width along with the short revisit time allows rapid changes to be monitored, such as vegetation during the growing season. Each sentinel 1, sentinel2, sentinel 3 and jasoncs mission figure 2. Sentinel2a on 23 june 2015, sentinel2b on 7 march 2017 orbit. We show that sentinel 2 enables highfrequency measurements across the globe. The spectral bands of sentinel 2 will provide data for land coverchange classification, atmospheric correction. An improved tradeoff between resolution, coverage and revisit time, makes sentinel 2 multispectral imagery an interesting data source for mapping the composition and spatialtemporal dynamics of. Sentinel2 the optical imaging mission for land services. The sentinel spacecraft will acquire land and coastal area imagery from 56 south latitude to 84 north including all major land masses and islands greater than 100 square kilometers. The sentinel missions are designed to provide routine observations for operational copernicus services and to provide data continuity of ers, envisat and multispectral missions such as spot, landsat, aster, etc. It contains four 10 m resolution bands and six 20 m resolution bands as well as three 60 m resolution bands. Public availability of images started in november but quite a few images were already recorded earlier and made available over time so i will use the same end cutoff as for landsat mid october and an open beginning and call it a full year. Spatial resolutions sentinel2 msi user guides sentinel online. Sentinel2 satellite imagery for crop classification.
This configuration optimises coverage and global revisit times. Dec 24, 2015 the sentinel2 constellation has currently one satellite in orbit, the second one is scheduled to start next year. Sentinel2 time series emulation esa data user element. Sentinel2a satellite is the first civil optical earth observation mission of its kind to include three bands in the red edge, which provide key information on the. Landsattype, and a wide field of view for multispectral observations from bands in the visible, near infrared and short wave infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The sentinel2 mission is based on a constellation of two satellites, both orbiting earth at an altitude of 786 km but 180 apart. The temporal resolution is also performing well, the satellites in the sentinel 2 constellation provide a revisit time of 5 days. With two landsats in 16day orbits, and sentinel2s 5 day repeat time with 2 satellites on orbit, all acquisition frequency requirements for shortwave imaging will be satisfied and improved.
Band selection in sentinel2 satellite for agriculture applications. Cloud coverage at higher latitudes is overcome by decrease revisit time intervals. Sensor, band number, band name, sentinel2a, sentinel2b, resolution meters. Polar, sunsynchronous at altitude of 786 km revisit time. Illustrates the coverage and revisit time foreseen for sentinel2 msi acquisitions. Multispectral data with bands in the visible, near infrared, and short wave infrared part of the spectrum. Sentinel 2 fast track service compliance to land user requirements. Phd researcher at ilvo flanders research institute for agriculture, fisheries and food, fabio castaldi, says, the availability and the short revisit time of the copernicus sentinel2 images entail a huge amount of satellite data that can increase the possibility to have more reliable images during the years. Sentinel3 olci instrument ensures continuity of the envisat meris. Now to the main subject, the first year of sentinel 2. This includes red, green, blue, near infrared and short infrared. It aims at monitoring variability in land surface conditions, and its wide swath width 290 km and high revisit time 10 days at. Nov 28, 2016 sentinel2 data with revisit time of 10 days or even less in higher northern and southern latitudes is an ideal source.
The harmonized landsat and sentinel2 surface reflectance. To achieve frequent revisits and high mission availability, two identical sentinel2 satellites sentinel2a and sentinel2b operate together. Latest harmonized landsat sentinel2 hls version released sep 8, 2017 the harmonized landsat sentinel 2 hls project has released a new and improved version of its data sets. Due to overlap between swaths from adjacent orbits, the revisit frequency will be increased with different viewing conditions. Public availability of images started in november but quite a few images were already recorded earlier and made available over time so i will use the same end cutoff as for landsat mid october and an.
The satellites in the sentinel2 constellation will provide a revisit time of 5 days at the equator in cloudfree conditions. Images of floods, volcanic eruptions and landslides will also be acquired by sentinel2. Potential of esas sentinel2 for geological applications. Mar 07, 2017 with sentinel2b in orbit, for any point on earth the sentinel2 satellite duo will have a combined revisit time of five days. Download this page in pdf format sentinel 2b was launched at 01. User guides sentinel2 msi revisit and coverage sentinel online. Sentinel 2 data with revisit time of 10 days or even less in higher northern and southern latitudes is an ideal source. Landsat 8 has a 16day revisit time, with generous overlap between scenes which results in an 8day revisit time for those areas. It will provide improved revisit time, swath width, coverage area, spectral bands, calibration and image quality. With a 10 m geometric resolution is the best optical satellite data available free of charge. In comparison, landsat7 provides a 16day geometric revisit time, while spot provides a 26day revisit, and neither of them provides systematic coverage of the overall land surface. This work demonstrated the capability of sentinel 2 time series images to capture slope movement with short revisit time at low cost. It is close to the landsat local time and matches spot s, allowing the combination of sentinel2 data with historical images to build longterm time series. Coastal coverage of esa sentinel 2 mission sciencedirect.